Fire is one of the most frequent disasters in the world today. As of June 2019, there were as many as 132,000 indoor fires in China alone, with thousands of casualties! And there are data showing that on average, there are more than 10,000 fires per day in the world, causing hundreds of deaths. Moreover, the losses caused by the fire have doubled geometrically with time. As a result, there is an urgent need for fire prevention technology. As an important defense measure for indoor fires, smoke sensors are widely used, and their technical research has become the focus of industry attention.

As a device related to life safety, many countries have issued relevant laws that require a smoke alarm to be installed in every room. However, even so, according to the fire statistics of the NFIRS system of the US National Fire Administration, 60% of the people still died. When the smoke alarm was disabled or not installed, 23% of the people installed the smoke alarm but were Disabled, it is most likely that the source of interference is too high or the battery has not been replaced and caused death. In addition, there are too many synthetic materials in today's society, and the escape time of people is reduced by 83% compared with the past, which also poses a higher challenge to the new generation of smoke sensors.

Smoke technology changes, detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the two generations of technology

Today's smoke sensing mainly uses two detection technologies-photoelectric and ionization technologies. The traditional ionization detector uses the radioactive source americium 241 (Am241), which uses radioactive decay to ionize particles in the air. It is placed inside the electric field to measure the current between the electrodes. Once smoke enters the ionization chamber, the current is interrupted and an alarm is issued. The advantage of this device is that it is very good at detecting small particles, but there are also disadvantages that cannot be ignored. That is, the use of radioactive materials causes environmental pollution. Although the use process is safe, it is very good in production, storage and disposal. difficult. In addition, the relevant institutions conducted independent tests on the four ion smoke detectors on the market and found that the ion smoke detectors can only alarm when there is a flame, and the alarm performance for slow burning and smoldering is very poor.